International taxation: the new post-BEPS standards

International taxation: the new post-BEPS standards

Introduction — The End of the “Offshore Illusion”

For decades, international taxation operated on a fragile balance between national sovereignty and global mobility. Companies could shift profits, individuals could move assets, and tax authorities — limited by borders — struggled to follow. The result was an era where “tax planning” often meant exploiting mismatches between jurisdictions.

That era is over.

Since the implementation of the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) initiative, the international tax landscape has entered a new paradigm — one built on transparency, substance, and automatic information exchange. The BEPS framework, now adopted by over 140 jurisdictions, has become the new constitution of global taxation.

For investors, entrepreneurs, and crypto holders, the post-BEPS world represents both a challenge and an opportunity: a challenge, because opaque structures and aggressive arbitrage are no longer viable; an opportunity, because well-structured, compliant, and substance-based planning can still achieve significant fiscal efficiency — legally.

This article explains how the BEPS revolution reshaped international tax law, what standards now define legitimate structures, and how SBH Capital Partners applies these principles to create compliant, tax-neutral wealth frameworks in Saint-Barthélemy for global investors.

Part 1 — Understanding BEPS: The OECD’s Response to a Broken System

1.1. The Origins of BEPS

By the early 2010s, governments faced a growing crisis. Globalisation and digitalisation allowed multinational corporations to shift profits to low-tax jurisdictions without moving real economic activity. The OECD estimated global revenue losses of $100 to $240 billion annually — roughly 4–10 % of corporate tax collected worldwide.

To restore fairness, the G20 mandated the OECD to launch the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project — a comprehensive plan to combat tax avoidance, harmonise definitions, and ensure profits are taxed where value is created.

1.2. The 15 Actions of BEPS

The BEPS framework, finalised in 2015, comprises 15 Actions designed to close loopholes, align tax bases, and strengthen cooperation. Key measures include:

  • Action 5: Counter harmful tax practices through transparency and substance requirements.
  • Action 6: Prevent treaty abuse (the end of “treaty shopping”).
  • Action 7: Redefine “permanent establishment” to capture real business activity.
  • Actions 8–10: Align transfer pricing with actual economic value creation.
  • Action 13: Introduce Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR) for large groups.
  • Action 15: Establish the Multilateral Instrument (MLI) to modify thousands of treaties at once.

Together, these actions transformed global taxation from a territorial patchwork into a cooperative, data-driven network of compliance and reporting.

Part 2 — The Post-BEPS World: Transparency Becomes the Rule

2.1. Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI)

The Common Reporting Standard (CRS) — born from BEPS — now connects over 110 jurisdictions in real-time information sharing. Financial institutions report account balances, beneficial owners, and residency data to local tax authorities, which automatically exchange the information globally.

This makes traditional “offshore secrecy” impossible. Every cross-border bank account now leaves a digital fingerprint.

2.2. Substance Requirements

Tax residence can no longer rest on paper incorporation. Post-BEPS, jurisdictions must apply substance tests: real offices, employees, decision-making, and governance.

This shift dismantled zero-substance holding companies and required local management. Without it, authorities can re-qualify income under the principle of “substance over form.”

2.3. Beneficial Ownership Transparency

The concept of anonymity through nominee directors is also obsolete. BEPS and related FATF standards require jurisdictions to maintain beneficial ownership registers accessible to tax and law-enforcement agencies.

2.4. Information Symmetry

Tax authorities now operate with unprecedented visibility. OECD’s Tax Inspectors Without Borders (TIWB), digital audits, and cross-matching algorithms enable them to identify inconsistencies between declared residence, banking data, and global reporting.

The message is clear: only coherent, documented, and substance-based structures survive.

Part 3 — New Global Standards for Individuals and Corporations

3.1. For Individuals: Real Residence, Not Paper Domicile

High-net-worth individuals must now demonstrate real relocation when moving tax residence: physical presence, family, economic interests, and local administration. Simply registering abroad is no longer accepted.

Authorities use indicators like:

  • Flight and passport data.
  • Utility bills and local rentals.
  • CRS banking reports.
  • Local tax filings and social contributions.

3.2. For Corporations: Where Value Is Created

Corporate taxation after BEPS focuses on economic reality:

  • Profits are taxable where decision-making and production occur.
  • Transfer pricing must reflect real economic functions and risks.
  • “Paper” subsidiaries without substance or staff are disregarded.

3.3. For Crypto and Digital Assets

BEPS did not initially target cryptocurrencies, but its logic applies perfectly. Digital asset conversions, wallet custody, and token issuances fall under transparency and reporting regimes. The OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), adopted in 2023, extends CRS principles to blockchain assets — making crypto traceable, reportable, and taxable across borders.

The result: the distinction between “offshore crypto” and “onshore fiat” has disappeared. Only compliant jurisdictional strategies anchored in substance remain viable.

Part 4 — The Strategic Implications: Compliance Is the New Optimization

4.1. The Death of Aggressive Arbitrage

BEPS killed the era of double non-taxation — where profits disappeared between mismatched rules. Today, every jurisdiction demands either taxation or reporting, and information exchange ensures authorities can verify both.

4.2. The Rise of Fiscal Legitimacy

Modern investors seek not secrecy, but legitimacy — structures that withstand audits, preserve confidentiality within the law, and align residence, substance, and reporting.

4.3. The New Formula for Optimization

Post-BEPS optimization = Legal compliance + Jurisdictional alignment + Local substance.

A structure is only as strong as the evidence supporting it. The optimal balance lies not in hiding, but in documented transparency.

This is where Saint-Barthélemy’s fiscal framework becomes uniquely relevant: French legal oversight, OECD transparency, and an independent tax regime offering fiscal neutrality for locally managed entities.

Part 5 — SBH Capital Partners: BEPS-Compliant, Future-Proof Structuring

At SBH Capital Partners, we integrate BEPS principles into every investment structure. Our mission: to help clients convert crypto wealth into real-world assets within a legally compliant, transparent, and tax-neutral environment.

Our Framework in Practice

  1. Local Incorporation and Governance
    We create a Saint-Barthélemy-registered company in the investor’s name, ensuring local substance — registered office, bank account, accounting, and governance.
  2. Local Management (Substance in Action)
    SBH acts as the company’s official manager (gérant) for five years, guaranteeing that all decisions and administrative acts occur on the island — satisfying BEPS “place of effective management” standards.
  3. Compliant Crypto-to-Fiat Conversion
    Funds are converted locally through licensed intermediaries, ensuring AML/KYC traceability and compliance with both French and OECD reporting frameworks (CRS and CARF).
  4. Real-Estate Investment under French Law
    Acquisitions are notarised and recorded under French jurisdiction, adding tangible substance and legal security.
  5. Comprehensive Governance and Reporting
    We prepare financial statements, maintain registers, and coordinate with auditors — ensuring that the entity meets BEPS-compliant documentation standards.

The Result

  • Legitimacy: All operations are transparent, reportable, and compliant with international norms.
  • Tax Efficiency: Local fiscal neutrality allows reinvestment without flat tax or capital gains exposure.
  • Security: French jurisdiction ensures robust legal protection under EU-grade compliance.

With SBH, clients don’t avoid BEPS — they master it.

Part 6 — Beyond BEPS: The Next Evolution of Global Taxation

BEPS was only the beginning. The world is now entering BEPS 2.0, led by the OECD’s Two-Pillar Solution:

  • Pillar 1: Reallocate taxing rights to market jurisdictions for large multinationals.
  • Pillar 2: Introduce a global minimum tax of 15 % for companies with revenues above €750 million.

While these measures primarily target corporations, the underlying principle — global tax coherence — now influences personal, corporate, and digital wealth planning alike.

Looking ahead, the integration of crypto into BEPS frameworks (via CARF) and AI-assisted compliance audits will further blur the line between onshore and offshore.

For investors, the safest strategy is clear:
build transparent, substance-based structures that align legal form with economic reality.

That is precisely what SBH Capital Partners provides — a model of post-BEPS wealth architecture designed for the digital age.

Conclusion — The Age of Transparent Advantage

The BEPS era ended the illusion that fiscal optimization could rely on opacity. Today, compliance is the new sophistication, and substance is the new currency of legitimacy.

Far from being a constraint, this evolution rewards those who plan intelligently. The investor who embraces BEPS principles — aligning residence, governance, and transparency — not only secures fiscal peace of mind but also builds lasting credibility with banks, regulators, and partners.

SBH Capital Partners embodies this philosophy: a bridge between digital innovation and legal orthodoxy, between crypto freedom and institutional trust. By structuring your wealth within our Saint-Barthélemy framework, you anchor your global portfolio in the very values that define post-BEPS taxation — clarity, compliance, and credibility.

FAQ

1. What does “BEPS” stand for?
BEPS means Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, an OECD initiative to prevent profit shifting and tax base dilution through artificial structures.

2. How does BEPS affect individual investors?
It increases reporting transparency (CRS, CARF) and enforces substance. Individuals must prove real residence, not just paper domicile.

3. Is tax optimization still possible after BEPS?
Yes — but only through lawful, transparent, substance-based planning. Jurisdictional arbitrage without substance no longer works.

4. Why is Saint-Barthélemy BEPS-compliant yet tax-neutral?
It operates under French and OECD rules (ensuring compliance) but enjoys a territorial fiscal regime offering neutrality for locally resident companies.

5. How does SBH Capital Partners ensure BEPS alignment?
Through local governance, regulated conversions, and full compliance documentation, satisfying OECD substance and transparency standards.